The region was first settled by native Anatolian people, then the Romans and Christians. It was the hometand of the Hittites and Galatia of the New Testament. The eerie lardscape (towers, spires, and cones carved by the erosion) is sometimes called a “moonscape” terrain. The Hittites first used the soft substance about 4000 years ago. There are about 200 underground cities like Derinkuyu and Kaymakli and Early Christians carved some 2365 rock-cut churches, monasteries, and fairy castle-like homes from the Tufa stone.